Cognition is “the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience and the senses”. Cognition depends on brain function. Cognition has many facets including language, memory, attention, executive function and visio-spatial capacities. Another important cognitive process is understanding and interpreting the views and feelings of others and attention and executive function are central to regulating the interactions between members of a community. Children's brains begin developing from conception through to their twenties and as the brain develops, so do their cognitive capacities. The concepts discussed here are intended as both a framework to increase skills but importantly to help students grow as individuals and classes to function as learning communities. It is hope that interested educators will be stimulated to work with us to make these videos more useful to educators.